Forests and trees provide huge opportunities for African countries to respond to their post-2020 climate change mitigation and adaptation commitments. The contribution of forests and/or trees to mitigation and adaptation depends on how they are incorporated in policies, strategies and actions, and the integration could depend on the choice and capacity of stakeholders. There is a gap in information and knowledge on the uptake of integrated forest and tree-based mitigation and adaptation options in addressing climate change in Africa. Generating such information and knowledge in terms of identifying challenges and opportunities is relevant for stakeholders to enhance the uptake of forest and tree-based mitigation and adaptation options into policies and actions. Thus, the necessity of this study covering francophone African countries. This study profiles promising forest-based and on farm tree-based mitigation and adaptation policies, strategies and actions, assesses the determinants of choice of strategies and actions as well as levels of successes in addressing climate change and climate variability. In addition, this study aims to evaluate the external environment, including policies, legislation, incentives, that have implications on the implementation of these promising adaptation and mitigation activities, and makes attempt to propose a framework for integrating forest and tree-based adaptation and mitigation options in francophone African countries.