Africa is home to the most diverse animal life on the planet. Although wildlife has economic significance, particularly in the tourism sector, it is also a key element of the ecosystems that underpin the productivity and stability of African societies and livelihoods. But wildlife is increasingly under threat from interlinked changes in land use and climate. To respond effectively to climate change, existing approaches to wildlife management should be strengthened with additional monitoring and dynamic modelling. At the same time, wildlife management and climate change must move into the mainstream of national and international planning and policy processes.