The rise in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions especially Carbon dioxide (CO2) has led to the recognition of forests as important agents for climate change mitigation (CCM) through the process of Carbon sequestration. The role of trees and forests in CCM is achieved by increasing forest area and density through afforestation, reforestation and forest restoration resulting in increased absorption of CO2 from the atmosphere. Additional measures will be through the substitution of forest products for fossil fuels or use of products requiring fossil fuels in their production. The contribution of forests to CCM is been recognised as a cornerstone of the post-2012 climate change agenda with the decision on the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation, Conservation of Forests, Sustainable Management of Forests and Enhancement of Forest Carbon Stocks (REDD+) adopted by Conference of Parties (COP) 16 of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). REDD+ includes policy approaches and positive incentives on issues relating to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, and recognises the contribution of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest Carbon stocks in achieving REDD+ objectives. This compendium introduces learners to the concepts of CCM, forest-based mitigation measures/strategies, clean development mechanism (CDM), REDD+ and other international initiatives, non-forest-based mitigation measures of climate change, monitoring and evaluation.